Online and Distance Education

As time passes, people gets more busy and don’t have time for their selves. For successful life education has its own importance. Many people don’t get time to continue their education. But due to technological advances there are many ways to continue their education with their job. Distance learning programs and online education system is quite common now a days.

Distance learning program are specially designed for students who are not able to continue their education. In this system of education you don’t need to attend classes and lectures, they use other resources to understand their subject. Normally distance learning and online education systems provides printouts, CD, voice chat, web cameras for talking to your instructors easily. All these resources are available easily and very helpful. People think that online education system is not reliable and beneficial. But it is very beneficial system.

There are many courses which are not available at every university and every country and city. Through online education system, any person from anywhere can enroll himself in his favorite course and get degree without migrating from one country to another. Chat rooms and message boards at different forums are used as well as a important tool. People from different countries and cultures have conversation with each other and discuss their course which give them more knowledge. In face to face education system, student more rely on their teachers and almost fully dependent on them but on the other hand, in online education system students have to gather information from different resources which give them opportunity to think about the same topic with different perspective.

Another important feature of online and distance learning programs is that every student take part in classes. In face to face programs most students don’t get opportunity to discuss every topic due to limited time and other extra efficient students but in online education programs every student have to take part on discussion boards.

Before starting your online education you should be careful that you don’t get fooled yourself with any unauthentic university degrees or fake degrees. Do some research before enrolling yourself? Further more make sure that university will provide you complete assistance online during the full course because student support is very important in online education system. Analyze your cost and benefits you get from them. In online education determination and time management is very important. Obviously there is no time limit for attending classes, therefore you need to as there are no teachers for your guidance you have to be in contact with your virtual class fellows, and they are very cooperative with each other.

Besides other benefits one more benefit of online education is that there is no time period for contacting your instructor like in face to face system. If you need help you can mail your problem to your instructor or your any virtual class fellow and you will get answer within minutes. Another benefit is that it has no limited seats. In face to face classes if student want to take admission in evening class then there is a possibility that the university has limited seats.

From the above discussion we can say that online education system is very beneficial and very supporting. But it is true as well that every student and every instructor do not fit into this system and they don’t get benefited with it. But it is very convenient way of education for many students and teachers who cannot make them available for regular classes.

How OneX Can Fuel Your Home Based Business

OneX is an opportunity that can be its own business or can help your existing home based business whatever it may be. When I was involved with the Numis Network whose entry fee was $500, the objection I heard the most was “I don’t have the money.” The entry fee for most home based businesses is usually always around a couple hundred dollars.

Most Americans are already skeptical about home business opportunities and add the fact that they will require an investment up front, scares most people away. OneX is designed to help negate the initial start up fees. OneX is a feeder program that provides over $1200 in educational, marketing, and self development products. Those products are divided up into lessons. The cost of the first lesson is only $5.

So for $5, anyone can afford this opportunity. I usually lead with OneX and once I have helped that prospect earn a couple hundred dollars, then I will present my main opportunity. So I will have created my own team in my home based business by finding those who want an opportunity, and then help them to be able to afford it.

OneX is generic and also can be used for its back end silver savings product. OneX can stand alone or provide its own income stream. OneX is backed by a company called Qlxchange, which is a gold and silver backed savings account. You can choose to buy gold and silver or you can simply withdraw the money.

I used to buy books, auto-responders, and all sorts of web based products to no avail. I used to advertise affiliate products, try to create my own products, and everything in between again to no avail. Most main successful internet marketers all usually promote their own generic products that help home business owners.

I used to wonder how a $5 program can be lucrative but it is really a $1200 program but most people usually don’t have that much laying around to invest in an opportunity. The low entry fee helps and allows everyone an easy and low risk way of entering into a home based business opportunity.

OneX allows for that initial learning curve without wasting hundreds of dollars. I personally wasted over $3,000 in various home business opportunities, products, services, and coaching. That to me is a lot of money to waste as I am from a blue collar background.

OneX and Qlxchange provide a great chance to start and help your existing home based business. You can use the tools and educational products yourself, as well as share it with other entrepreneurs and business owners. With a low entry fee this allows everyone a chance to change their life and help others at the same time.

How to Successfully Make Money From a Home Based Business

Most of the people have turned towards the online world to earn some extra income. Being specific, in this age the home based business is enormous and there are plenty of benefits to be achieved by just working from home. Although some people indicate there are several scams on the internet when it comes to acquiring online jobs, but the fact is that there are several opportunities available for people looking for a successful home based business. Therefore if you are looking for such opportunities online then these tips could help you find the right online work from home opportunity.Online Business Coaching – This is an excellent option available to make money working from home. Business coaching can be an ideal opportunity if you have experience in management or other particular business skills. Currently, there are several people turning to the internet just to find a good coach for their business needs and you can surely take advantage of this opportunity.Designing – In case you enjoy web designing, then this is an ideal home based business option to get involved into. There are several people today looking for assistance in website design and you can help them right from the convenience of your home. Although it might cost you a bit to get the right hardware and software, but once you are well established in your business, it is guaranteed you can earn successfully.Freelance Writing and Data Entry – These are yet another great options available to establish a successful home based business online. Today, there is a huge demand for online content writing and editing which you can take advantage of, if you specialize in writing and editing articles. Moreover data entry job opportunities are also on a rise which does not require much experience but just knowledge about basic computer use. Therefore you can grab hold these opportunities and successfully establish a home based business.

Your Home Based Business Office: Do You Really Need One?

Do you have yourself a Home Based Business? Do you have a separate room set up for your office? Is it quiet, without any distractions?I was reading something last night that really hit home with me! So, as much as I hate to admit it! I AM SO GUILTY of this one.The article was actually about just taking 5 minutes of your time each morning, before you start getting to work on your home based business and straighten something out in your office or life. It could be anything that you think would help you to get yourself more organized, maybe clean off your desk, file some papers, it could be just about anything.Then she went on and talked about looking around and finding the things that you were not happy about and change them. If you had a mess to get rid of it, if you didn’t like the way things were, to change them.This Really Hit Home With ME.Well, I went out today and bought myself a new desk and a nice chair. You see I do have a computer desk, with my computer and printer on it, that’s about all that I can do on it. It is more of a Hum- How would you say? Yes piece of decorative furniture!Also it is located in my kitchen. I actually have an open concept in my home, the living room is attached. Is that how you would say it? Yes I guess so – I have access to everything right from that point. The fridge, the stove, the sink, the TV, etc. I actually had my laptop sitting on my counter, with my router box right next to it. We would trip on the cords daily. Truthfully!Are you getting what I am saying here? Yes, this did work, for a while anyways; until I saw a dirty dish, noticed my plants needed a drink or a suddenly thought I needed a snack. Everything was real convenient; I had a lot of distractions.Well I did find a few strong boys to carry this big old desk and set it up in the basement. I now have myself an office to work my home based business. Yep, its real nice & quiet too. I actually have got more done in the last 3 hours then I have in 2 full days!!! Wow! I am here to tell you guys!!! Get yourself a space you can call your own to work on your Home Based Business! You will find yourself getting more things accomplished by simply getting things in order.I just don’t let those little things bother me, so I didn’t think it was a big deal. But now that I have set up my own office, I realize it is a big deal.If you are just getting started in a home based business opportunity, or if you have one already and you don’t have an office set up, do this today! Everyone tells you this is the first step to take, but how many people actually do it? I didn’t, I thought that I had my desk right next to me and that was alright!NO It wasn’t, Believe me you will get more done and become successful so much faster if you start working your Home Based Business the right way.Remember, set up a schedule and keep to it, don’t forget to schedule you breaks, this is important. You now have a plan, so stick to it and soon you will see your Home Based Business Boom!

Christian Home Based Business – 4 Things to Look At!

The Bible teaches us to help and serve others yet, at the same time, it also teaches us to trust our abilities, be optimistic and always believe in the power of God. A Christian home-based business is an excellent opportunity for retirees to make money in their free time, single mothers looking for ways to supplement their income and also for anyone who wants to spread the word of God, while helping themselves or their family financially.There are several good Christian home based business opportunities for Christians, all of which tie business with God. It is a wonderful means to an end and sets to seal your faith even more. Although, before you embark on this spiritual journey, it is important to understand that God is there to guide you but you must create a way for yourself. So, if you are not successful at first, don’t quit trying. He has provided wonderful ways through which you can research and learn more about building your business, contact people have done similar things or quite simply, search the Internet – you will definitely find your answers there.1) Bookstore:A good Christian home based business is creating an online Christian bookstore, which will help you spread the word of God worldwide. Of course, you will require some kind of capital, management skills and marketing skills to get it up and running and getting users to buy the books. This will need a little online advertising and some knowledge of search engine optimisation – both of which can easily be obtained through online resources.2) Marketing:Another similar service would be marketing Christian goods & services as a Christian home based business, connecting with other Christians and helping them market their products, similar to what affiliate programs do. Fund raising for the church, through a web-based medium, is also a philanthropic way to earn money while helping the church help humanity and sell services to help fellow Christians.3) Online Presence – Affiliate Programs:Both these tasks may seem a little daunting and may not work if you don’t spend a lot of time trying to make them work. A relatively simpler solution in looking for a Christian home based business is creating a blog or website, writing reviews of Christian products and services and then linking them with corresponding products on Amazon or other websites that offer affiliate programs. Again, you’ll have to write a good number of reviews to increase your blog ranking. A good option also is to submit the review rewrites on sites such as EzineArticles – these sites get really good traffic and can help your business grow.4) Network Marketing:Network marketing is also a good option for a Christian home based business; you can start building your distributor network from your church members. Companies such as Melaleuca, Amway, Xango etc offer good compensation plans and products, all designed to help people achieve financial independence while educating them about things like health, fitness etc.The key to the success of a good Christian home based business is to have a business that reflects the power and belief you have in faith & God but don’t run a business only to prove your faith to God, which would contradict the principles of Christianity.We warn you of all the many schemes and scams that are out there. One area to look for to relieve you of any concerns is a company that offers a top notch mentoring program. If there is a real flesh and blood person on the other side, to train you, to guide and to support and believe in you then it is unlikely that the company is not for real. This can be considered the most important area if you are a person looking for a Christian home based business.

2 Solid Ways To Create An Easy Home Based Business

Are you looking for an easy home based business? A business that will allow you to work at the comfort of your home?An “easy home based business” will allow you to skip the long drive to work, sitting in traffic, stressing during the busy lunch period, and to get home exhausted and barley proud of what you’ve really accomplished that day.You can avoid all that, and you can get started today.I’m going to tell you about 2 easy home based businesses that will allow you to quit the job you hate and be your own boss, pick your own hours, and create your own income.How Did I Get Started In My Easy Home Based Business?I’ve been in Internet marketing for over a year. I used to do Internet marketing for companies on a local scale. I would do Internet marketing and SEO for companies and businesses in my city.I started this at home part time. But it quickly grew into what I thought I was trying to avoid.I thought by starting an Internet marketing company, this would eliminate phone calls, in person meetings, long drawn out sales pitches to clients face to face, and other things that involve a basic brick and mortar business.I was wrong though. The more successful my business became. The worse my life got. I would get emails, phone calls, meeting requests, and sales meetings. And they were getting more and more frequent.I started this business to gain more freedom but I quickly got the freedom sucked out of me.So I quit. I joined something that actually offered what I was really after, and that was freedom.I could see my business growing and being very successful. But I could also see the life I would have to live if I were to continue down that road.I saw that road my entire life. My parents have owned a small business ever since I’ve been born. I lived with it day and night, and on vacation.My parents had about 10-15 employees in their small business. Their business was very successful but they were always busy with it.They always had to check up on employees and stats, even when they were on vacation.I remember they would come back from a phone call a little irritated when we would be out to dinner on vacation, and they would say something about how stats were down in their business. And it’s because they, the business owners, aren’t there to motivate and produce.I always knew I was going to be an entrepreneur but I also knew I didn’t want to go down that road.That’s why I am going to show you 2 ways you can start your own business, and you can keep your freedom.Easy Home Based Business #1 – BloggingThis is the way I currently do business. Blogging has become powerful in the past 10 years as the Internet has grown.Other ways of making money online have come and gone with the times but blogging has remained. And there is a solid reason why it has stayed, unaltered.And that reason is relationships.When you blog you create a relationship with your readers. You talk to them as a person and they get to know who you really are as a person.You see, people don’t like to buy from companies, people like to buy from people. Especially people that they really like.Now that’s not to say when you start blogging you need to start getting everyone to like you.Quite the opposite really.What you really have to do is share your opinions, your life, your struggles, your successes, and your dreams.Share who you are and the people that really like you will stay and read, and the people that don’t will leave.You notice celebrities have people that really love them, but you may also notice they have a lot of people that really hate them.And that’s because they are being who they are, and they don’t care if people disagree with them. Because there are people that do agree with them and they love them for it.So be yourself when you blog.There is a blogging system that I use that will help you get started. It’s instantly setup with no technical hassles. You can start blogging in minutes.Easy Home Based Business #2 – VideosAnother easy home based business is to create videos. Videos are a solid way to gain an audience for what you are sharing, and it allows people to see the person behind the writing.Some people prefer just to write blogs, and some people just prefer to create videos.I believe they are most powerful if combined, but you can choose what you are most comfortable with at this point in time.To create your easy home based business using videos you need to know how to create videos that are interesting, entertaining, informative, inspirational, and educational.There is a way to actually create a video where the person is super engaged in what you are saying through out the entire video. Almost like they are watching their favorite movie.To create an engaging video you need to follow these 5 steps:
Grab Attention
Be Yourself
Tell a Story
Command Action
Teach Something valuable
There is a more advanced 6th step that you can use but to explain it would take a series of blog posts just to explain it.To see the 6th step in detail get in and get the 15k Formula training and watch lesson 4 Selling Through The Power Of Video.Watching this entire video will transform the way you create videos and thus, transform the way you influence your viewers.An Easy Home Based Business Does ExistIf you are looking for an easy home based business, then realize they do exist. I use one right now.

Small Business Loan Update – Stimulus Bill Helps Bailout Businesses If They Cannot Pay Loans

As we continue to sift dutifully through the over 1,000 pages of the stimulus bill (American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009), there is one provision that is not getting much attention, but could be very helpful to small businesses. If you are a small business and have received an SBA loan from your local banker, but are having trouble making payments, you can get a “stabilization loan”. That’s right; finally some bailout money goes into the hands of the small business owner, instead of going down the proverbial deep hole of the stock market or large banks. But don’t get too excited. It is limited to very specific instances and is not available for vast majority of business owners.There are some news articles that boldly claim the SBA will now provide relief if you have an existing business loan and are having trouble making the payments. This is not a true statement and needs to be clarified. As seen in more detail in this article, this is wrong because it applies to troubled loans made in the future, not existing ones.Here is how it works. Assume you were one of the lucky few that find a bank to make a SBA loan. You proceed on your merry way but run into tough economic times and find it hard to repay. Remember these are not conventional loans but loans from an SBA licensed lender that are guaranteed for default by the U.S. government through the SBA (depending upon the loan, between 50% and 90%). Under the new stimulus bill, the SBA might come to your rescue. You will be able to get a new loan which will pay-off the existing balance on extremely favorable terms, buying more time to revitalize your business and get back in the saddle. Sound too good to be true? Well, you be the judge. Here are some of the features:1. Does not apply to SBA loans taken out before the stimulus bill. As to non-SBA loans, they can be before or after the bill’s enactment.2. Does it apply to SBA guaranteed loans or non-SBA conventional loans as well? We don’t know for sure. This statute simply says it applies to a “small business concern that meets the eligibility standards and section 7(a) of the Small Business Act” (Section 506 (c) of the new Act). That contains pages and pages of requirements which could apply to both types of loans. Based on some of the preliminary reports from the SBA, it appears it applies to both SBA and non-SBA loans.3. These monies are subject to availability in the funding of Congress. Some think the way we are going with our Federal bailout, we are going be out of money before the economy we are trying to save.4. You don’t get these monies unless you are a viable business. Boy, you can drive a truck through that phrase. Our friends at the SBA will determine if you are “viable” (imagine how inferior you will be when you have to tell your friends your business was determined by the Federal government to be “non-viable” and on life support).5. You have to be suffering “immediate financial hardship”. So much for holding out making payments because you’d rather use the money for other expansion needs. How many months you have to be delinquent, or how close your foot is to the banana peel of complete business failure, is anyone’s guess.6. It is not certain, and commentators disagree, as to whether the Federal government through the SBA will make the loan from taxpayers’ dollars or by private SBA licensed banks. In my opinion it is the latter. It carries a 100% SBA guarantee and I would make no sense if the government itself was making the loan.7. The loan cannot exceed $35,000. Presumably the new loan will be “taking out” or refinancing the entire balance on the old one. So if you had a $100,000 loan that you have been paying on time for several years but now have a balance of $35,000 and are in trouble, boy do we have a program for you. Or you might have a smaller $15,000 loan and after a short time need help. The law does not say you have to wait any particular period of time so I guess you could be in default after the first couple of months.8. You can use it to make up no more than six months of monthly delinquencies.9. The loan will be for a maximum term of five years.10. The borrower will pay absolutely no interest for the duration of the loan. Interest can be charged, but it will be subsidized by the Federal government.11. Here’s the great part. If you get one of these loans, you don’t have to make any payments for the first year.12. There are absolutely no upfront fees allowed. Getting such a loan is 100% free (of course you have to pay principal and interest after the one year moratorium).13. The SBA will decide whether or not collateral is required. In other words, if you have to put liens on your property or residence. My guess is they will lax as to this requirement.14. You can get these loans until September 30, 2010.15. Because this is emergency legislation, within 15 days after signing the bill, the SBA has to come up with regulations.Here is a summary of the actual legislative language if you are having trouble getting to sleep:SEC. 506. BUSINESS STABILIZATION PROGRAM. (a) IN GENERAL- Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall carry out a program to provide loans on a deferred basis to viable (as such term is determined pursuant to regulation by the Administrator of the Small Business Administration) small business concerns that have a qualifying small business loan and are experiencing immediate financial hardship.(b) ELIGIBLE BORROWER- A small business concern as defined under section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).(c) QUALIFYING SMALL BUSINESS LOAN- A loan made to a small business concern that meets the eligibility standards in section 7(a) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(a)) but shall not include loans guarantees (or loan guarantee commitments made) by the Administrator prior to the date of enactment of this Act.(d) LOAN SIZE- Loans guaranteed under this section may not exceed $35,000.(e) PURPOSE- Loans guaranteed under this program shall be used to make periodic payment of principal and interest, either in full or in part, on an existing qualifying small business loan for a period of time not to exceed 6 months.(f) LOAN TERMS- Loans made under this section shall:(1) carry a 100 percent guaranty; and(2) have interest fully subsidized for the period of repayment.(g) REPAYMENT- Repayment for loans made under this section shall–(1) be amortized over a period of time not to exceed 5 years; and(2) not begin until 12 months after the final disbursement of funds is made.(h) COLLATERAL- The Administrator of the Small Business Administration may accept any available collateral, including subordinated liens, to secure loans made under this section.(i) FEES- The Administrator of the Small Business Administration is prohibited from charging any processing fees, origination fees, application fees, points, brokerage fees, bonus points, prepayment penalties, and other fees that could be charged to a loan applicant for loans under this section.(j) SUNSET- The Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall not issue loan guarantees under this section after September 30, 2010.(k) EMERGENCY RULEMAKING AUTHORITY- The Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall issue regulations under this section within 15 days after the date of enactment of this section. The notice requirements of section 553(b) of title 5, United States Code shall not apply to the promulgation of such regulations.The real question is whether a private bank will loan under this program. Unfortunately, few will do so because the statute very clearly states that no fees whatsoever can be charged, and how can a bank make any money if they loan under those circumstances. Sure, they might make money in the secondary market, but that is dried up, so they basically are asked to make a loan out of the goodness of their heart. On a other hand, it carries a first ever 100% government guarantee so the bank’s know they will be receiving interest and will have no possibility of losing a single dime. Maybe this will work after all.But there is something else that would be of interest to a bank. In a way, this is a form of Federal bailout going directly to small community banks. They have on their books loans that are in default and they could easily jump at the chance of being able to bail them out with this program. Especially if they had not been the recipients of the first TARP monies. Contrary to public sentiment, most of them did not receive any money. But again, this might not apply to that community bank. Since they typically package and sell their loans within three to six months, it probably wouldn’t even be in default at that point. It would be in the hands of the secondary market investor.So is this good or bad for small businesses? Frankly, it’s good to see that some bailout money is working its way toward small businesses, but most of them would rather have a loan in the first place, as opposed help when in default. Unfortunately, this will have a limited application.Wouldn’t it be better if we simply expanded our small business programs so more businesses could get loans? How about the SBA creating a secondary market for small business loans? I have a novel idea: for the moment forget about defaults, and concentrate on making business loans available to start-ups or existing businesses wanting to expand.How about having a program that can pay off high interest credit card balances? There is hardly a business out there that has not been financing themselves lately through credit cards, simply because banks are not making loans. It is not unusual for people to have $50,000 plus on their credit cards, just to stay afloat. Talk about saving high interest. You can imagine how much cash flow this would give a small business.We should applaud Congress for doing their best under short notice to come up with this plan. Sure this is a form of welcome bailout for small businesses, but I believe it misses the mark as to the majority of the 27 million business owners that are simply looking for a loan they can repay, as opposed to a handout.

Introduction to Marketing – Part Seven: Pricing Strategy

Part Seven: Pricing Strategy

Pricing and customer value are closely linked. Basically stated, the value a customer places in a product and brand is indicated by how much they are willing to give up, usually in the form of money. The price is the monetary value set by an organisation at a level they believe is worthy of their offering. However, if a customer wants a product, but the price is too high, their value analysis of the trade is lower than the price set and they won’t make a trade.

This ‘trade’ for a customer, which is the price set from the perspective of the organisation, comes in many forms, such as rent, tuition, fees, fares, tolls, premiums, commissions, incentives and even bribes. Price is the only element of the marketing mix that produces an income for an organisation in the form of revenue. It is the one part of the marketing mix that is the easiest to adjust quickly, which is as to why organisations often opt to that element to spur a customer response to their offering, over changing the product itself, its promotion, people or distribution methods.

Bribes may be illegal in certain countries and acceptable in others, however in the illegal countries, it may be classed as other things, such as perks and added bonuses.

Who Sets the Price?

It is a typical accounting argument, where an accounting department of an organisation may believe it is their responsibility given that pricing involves monetary terms. This would be all well-and-good if the price was a simple recuperation of costs for the organisation. However, it is not that simple: pricing of a product speaks volumes to consumers.

This is why the task of setting price is with the marketing department: as the consumer receives a whole lot of messaging from the setting of the price alone. It signals to a customer what positioning and image the brand and product has. If it is expensive, often consumers will use it as a surrogate indicator for a judge of quality. This is most common in the wine industry, where higher priced wines are often thought of immediately as better in consumption.

Therefore, marketing manage the price setting tasks as it indicates much more than simply cost plus profit. It isn’t a simple equation- it takes the department familiar with communicating with the target audience, as price is just another communication stream.

Price and Demand

As can be expected, the price of a particular product directly impacts on the amount of demand it receives from customers. The actual relationship is known as the economic term of price elasticity. Whilst in reality, nothing works as simply as economic models suggest, in general, a product with a high price elasticity of demand means that a change in price results in a large, corresponding change in quantity purchased. Luxury and nonessential products tend to be within this category, as a large price increase will greatly drop demand, and visa-versa.

A low price elasticity of demand means that a change in price will not greatly affect demand shifts- this is known as inelastic demand. Less substitutable products and essentials full into these categories as, within reason, when price shifts, consumers still require them.

A more realistic approach to price and demand prediction is more toward the idea of pricing points. For example, if the price is high and quantity is purchased for a luxury brand, and the price is suddenly dropped, initially, the demand would increase as consumers believe there is more value. However dropping the price further may then decrease demand, as consumers start to feel that the luxury brand is losing its exclusivity. This makes demand fall.

All of these types of factors must be taken into account by the marketing department when setting price of their products.

The Pricing Phenomena

As much as economic theory attempts to assume that consumers are rational, they just aren’t when it comes to purchasing. The perceptions of value and price given by an individual consumer is so unpredictable that it takes the function of marketing research to really delve into why consumers think and act as they do.

Take, for example, bridal products. Large organisations over charge for pretty much everything to do with ‘the big day’, however the consumer is more than willing to pay as it’s more of an emotional purchase rather than a rational, ‘utility maximisation’ purchase. A bride doesn’t want a cheaper product, even if it is the same as an expensive version, as they value feeling expensive and exclusive and therefore justify the high prices.

Pricing as an Information Cue

As discussed before, price can be used as a surrogate indicator of quality, even if it’s not true. In the customers mind, higher price raises expectations as the amount they have to trade for it is high. There are two associated pricing techniques relevant to pricing as a communicative device:

(1) Price Skimming- this refers to setting the price very high, thus skimming the very top of the market’s customers. This creates an aura of prestige and/or technologically advanced status and is a good way to recuperate research and development costs, control initial demand and supply and generate high profit. However the product must justify this image if this technique is used.

(2) Price Penetration- this is when a product’s price is set very low to attract high quantities of sales and obtain large uptake in the market before a competitor.

(3) Yield Pricing- setting the pricing to manage exact quantities of purchasing. For example, if stock is perishable, the price may be discounted to increase numbers and then when supply is short, the price rises to manage this.

(4) Volume Pricing- setting a price to ensure high sale/bulk volume purchasing over profit per unit.

(5) Loss Leader- Pricing at a loss per unit to encourage impulse, related purchasing of other products in the same offering.

Pricing strategy all depends on the organisation’s justification and rationalisation of all aspects of their marketing strategy.

Pricing and the Psychology Of Consumption

There is a directly psychological relation between pricing/cost and the consumption rationale of a consumer. Most organisations do not draw attention to the price as it represents a cost to the consumer, and they would much rather the consumer benefit from the product’s value rather than them dwelling on how much they paid for it. This makes sense. This is why some organisations offer upfront bulk payments, season passes, bundling and so on.

However, as mentioned previously, consumers aren’t always rationale and sometimes, the constant reminder of cost is motivating for them. Basically, a consumer who doesn’t utilise their purchase will actively make a decision to not rebuy it. This means that charging upfront could make the consumer forget about the product (e.g.: a gym membership), and once they forget, they will not justify a repurchase, however smaller costs more regularly are more manageable in a consumer’s mind and the constant reminder stimulates motivation for consumption, and therefore repeat purchase.

It all depends on the organisation’s product offering and pricing strategy as to what approach they take.

Internal Pricing Factors: Objective Based

There are different types of objectives of consideration when setting a price, aiming to achieve a particular goal.

(1) Financial
These are strictly about monetary goals, such as setting price to achieve a gross profit margin of 23%, or Return On Investment (ROI) by 12% this year.

(2) Marketing
These revolve around market and consumer focused goals, such as increasing market share, gaining more consumer awareness or increasing brand loyalty.

(3) Societal
Pricing is set by the organisation based on managing a societal rationale. For example, adding into the cost a donation to charity, or carbon offsetting.

Internal Pricing Factors: The Marketing Mix

Does the marketing plan and current marketing mix support the proposed price? In other words, is the price set consistent with the expectations a consumer would have given the rest of the product’s attributes. The price must be reasonably consistent and in context with the product’s design, process, distribution, people, reputation, brand and positioning.

Internal Pricing Factors: The Market Classification

Pricing is also very subject to the type of market the product exists in. In a monopoly, there is only one offering organisation, so excusing government regulation, pricing can be set at whatever they wish. In an oligopoly, where there are a two to five large main players in the market, the strategy tends to be a lead and follow pricing strategy, basing price off the movements of the main competitors.

In a perfect competition market, where the product is an identical commodity, the price solely depends on the supply and demand of the time.

In a monopolistic competitive market, which is the typically normal market where many organisations are within a market offering substitutable yet differentiated products, pricing is set based more on each organisation’s marketing plan.

Internal Pricing Factors: Organisational Considerations

Naturally, the management within an organisation decides who best to set the prices of all the elements within the product offering- this is known as the pricing process. Typically, in smaller organisations, price is usually set by management but in larger organisations, it is set by product managers within the marketing team. The most important part is that the person or people that set the price must have well informed insights into the customer and their perception of value.

Revisiting the Concept of Customer Value

Remember that customer value is total benefits over the total costs. Costs include a lot of pricing, such as the initial purchase price, maintenance and repair costs, ongoing fees, installation, training, financing and so on.

The benefits of the product, such as performance, features and quality must outweigh all of the prices and costs to be worth the value to the customer.

Approaches to Pricing

There are three main approaches to setting a price.

(1) Cost-Based
Basing the pricing barriers (such as the price floor- the lowest possible price), on how much the product costs to produce. Generally, if fixed costs are quite high, a part of the price is set lower to maximise volume sold. If variable costs are high, price can be set to maximise the per unit margin.

The issue, again, is that this pricing is based on internal measures, rather than on the target market, and could communicate the incorrect message to them. Still, the cost-based approach can be a background consideration.

(2) Competition-Based
As the name suggests, this is basing it on however the competition prices and differentiating a product based on their pricing strategy. However this assumes that the competitor has a good grasp on the target market.

(3) Value-Based
This approach bases costs on what level of value the target market places on the product itself. Then, the organisation can employ a price skimming strategy (pricing at the top value), price penetration (pricing at the lowest value) or somewhere in between. This requires a bit of research to discover what attributes and expectations the customer values the most and pricing it on this.

In reality, there should be a blend of the approaches. The price ceiling (or the price point at which demand becomes zero) should be set at the top, and the price floor (or the price point at which profit becomes zero) should be established first. The Price ceiling represents customer perception of value and the price floor represents the consideration for product cost.

The price is then set in the middle, in between these points, with all factors such as marketing strategy, objectives, competitors and market place factors taken into consideration here to find the ideal price.

The Value Based Approach

Basing pricing strategy on the target market is an obvious choice, given the impact price has in communicating with the target market. Through starting with the customer’s value and working backward, a price can be settled on that will allow an organisation to best maximise the price per segment and manage customer value perceptions.

The Gift Economy

With technology increasing so rapidly, a ‘gift-economy’ also referred to often as a ‘free-love’ economy has emerged. This is where an organisation offers their main product as free and finds another solid revenue stream to gain profit from. Search engines are a good example of this, where the search function is free, but the Google adword service and other advertisements and services are paid for.

The issue with this is the consumers lose the perception of value when products, such as music and news) are available for free, online. This shift in mind-set is a rapid game changer for a lot of organisations as consumers start to question why they are paying for specific products. For example, years ago, customers would purchase a newspaper, because they saw the value as worth the money, however today, when news is so rapidly available online, they can no longer justify paying for it.

Today, organisations are creating business models where the consumer doesn’t pay and then charges associated organisations for their access to these customers, such as YouTube or social media advertising.

This has the risk of becoming so extreme that it may get to a point where organisations will pay or reward the customer to use their product, rather the other way around, just to give them access to the customer to sell this onto other organisations for profit.

However, there is a predicted limit with this as over-exposure to secondary ads and the other revenue-gaining ‘add-ons’ will render them ineffective and these secondary organisations will avoid these business models.

The Freemium

This relates to the new pricing technique known as ‘freemium’. A freemium is when an organisation gives the basic level product to the consumer for free and then charges for the premium use of it. This is very evident in free phone apps on smart phones, where the basic app is free to download and use, however the customer must pay to get the ad-free version or open up all of the service for them to use.

The Bait-and-Hook

A pricing technique where the main product is free or extremely discounted, however then the customer must purchase an expensive associated product to utilise the main product. An example of this is office printers, where the printer is given for free, and the customer has to purchase the paper and print ink off the printer’s organisation.

Why Plane Advertising?

It might not be an obvious choice for advertising, airplane advertising. We think of radio spots, newspaper advertisements, and – if our budget is large – billboards. We don’t often think of the plane advertising, but we should.

Airplane advertising has many advantages over more traditional advertising that makes it an ideal, if not obvious choice, for use of the advertising dollar. Let’s look at a few.

First, aerial advertising is relatively inexpensive compared to other forms of advertising. You can’t look just at the dollar spent, but the audience reached. That is, when you place a newspaper ad, you consider circulation. Well, you say, that newspaper has a circulation of 100,000, so that many people will see my advertisement.

Not so fast.

Unlike airplane advertising, not everyone who reads the paper will see your ad. That is, if the advertisement is placed in the local section of the paper, your advertisement will only be seen by those people who read that section (some might only read the front section and the sports page, while others might only read the classifieds).

Once people are reading “your” section, there’s no guarantee they will read the ad you want them to read. Many people don’t read the advertisements at all.

How is plane advertising different? It’s different in many ways. For example, you don’t ask potential customers to see your advertisement, you make sure they do. You don’t wonder if they read the airplane message; you know they do. You don’t even have to wonder if they remember the advertisement – studies show they do, when it’s sent to them via banner towing.

Airplane messages are the ideal form of advertising because advertisers don’t have to wonder if their ad was seen, they don’t have to worry that it wasn’t read and they certainly don’t have to wonder if it is remembered.

Aerial advertising has a nearly 100% “seen” rate, in that the majority of people will look to the sky when they are greeted with some plane advertising in the air. The majority of the people who see and read the advertisements will also remember them, so advertisers can be confident that their ads aren’t just seen, they are remembered.

Also unique is that advertisers don’t have to worry they are invading on their potential customer’s spaces. That is, there are no advertisements to place on car windows (which just get thrown away), no living rooms to invade through the television and no billboard to distract driving. While lying on the beach or enjoying a music festival, the potential customer only has to look to the sky to get the message.

Best of all, they remember the ad because it’s novel and creative. They don’t feel as if their lives have been invaded. Certainly, if they want to ignore the banner advertising, they can roll over on the beach, or not look up from the music festival activities, but since most people report a positive response to banner advertising, it’s safe to assume the majority of people won’t do that.

Why do banner advertising? Because it works. Your aerial advertising has a greater chance of reaching the intended audience more than any other form of advertising.

The Finer Points of Internet Auctions

WHAT IS A PENNY AUCTION?

Penny auctions have exploded in popularity with the massive growth of the internet. However, few people know the true origins of penny auctions.Beginnings actually stretch back to the Great Depression. Those were hard times for everyone, but even harder for farmers. Farmers struggled to bring in steady income because of droughts and crops not selling as well as they had previously. As a result, the banks would foreclose on the farmers who couldn’t keep up with their mortgage payments.

The banks weren’t satisfied with just repossessing the house, they wanted to raise as much capital as possible, so they resorted to selling off the possessions of the owners of the repossessed houses. There was not much the farmers could do about it so they began bidding ridiculously low prices, pennies, on the items while threatening others who dared to bid higher than a few pennies.

The auctions of today hardly resemble their tremulous beginnings. Being part of a penny auction today is exhilarating, fun, and addictive. It combines the selling format of auctioning with a little bit of chance factored in.Auctions are a game of strategy but also a game of luck.

The premise behind penny auctions is giving people the chance to win an item at a drastically reduced price.Auctions make that possible by spreading out the cost of the product among multiple bidders. In order for a person to take part in an auction, they must pay a set price for each bid. For example, if a person wanted to bid on a fifty dollar Amazon gift card then he would spend a dollar for each time a bid placed. If he ended up winning the gift card, then he would only have spent a few dollars for a fifty dollar gift card. Usually penny auctions sell bids in packages.

HOW PENNY AUCTIONS WORK!

The main foundation of penny auctions is the pay-per-bid format. It is the key that allows bidders to win items at the fraction of their retail value and allows the auction owners to keep their site profitable. Most y auction sites run on the same premise: people pay a set amount for each bid, whenever a person places a bid within the closing seconds of the auction time will be added, the last person left with a unique bid after the clocks runs out will win the item. There are a large variety of items that can be won, but they tend to be popular electronics or gift cards to popular stores.

There are two types of auctions: lowest unique bid auction and highest unique bid auction. Lowest unique auction sounds confusing but it is actually quite simple. A unique bid is when only one person has a bid at a certain price. Bids usually start at one penny, a bidder can then place a bid at two pennies. Until another bidder places a higher bid, the most recent bidder will be the lowest unique bid because that was the only bid at two cents and nobody bid higher. However, penny auctions generally don’t stop at one penny. It is not uncommon to find auctions that end up at a couple hundred dollars based on the popularity of the item being auctioned. However, the same principles apply for those auctions. Highest unique bid auctions follow the more traditional auction format such as eBay. The person with the highest bid at the end of the auction wins the item.

Auction site owners turn a profit by selling bids. Say twenty people are bidding on a ten dollar gift card at one dollar per bid, at the end of the auction if there were twenty bids placed in total then the site owner would have made twenty dollars with a ten dollar profit.Auctions do seem like a win-win situation:The site owner makes money while the bidder gets an item for dirt cheap. However, not everyone wins in penny auctions. The people who paid one dollar each bid but left with nothing to show for their investments will not be so happy.

HOW TO WIN!

Penny auction has a lot of chance mixed into it, but one can incorporate strategy that will help raise the chances of winning. Playing smart can make all the difference between gambling and auctioning.

The first crucial tip to winning penny auctions is to know how to manage your bids. Your goal should be to win as much as possible without spending a ton of money buying bids. Managing your bids means that you should already know how much you are willing to risk in order to win an item. The amount of capital you are willing to risk will determine how many bids you can use. Once you know how many bids you have to spend on an item, then you will be better able to manage how and when you place a bid. That will keep you from blowing away all of your bids in the first few seconds of the auction.

The next tip is to practice time management. When fighting in the trenches of penny auctions, you have two enemies: other bidders and time. Knowing when to bid is a must if you want to have success. Placing a bid when there is a lot of time left on the clock is never a good idea. You have to remember that the key to winning a penny auction is being the last one standing when the clock runs out and that each bid increases the amount of time left. It would be a good practice to wait until the last few minutes of the auction before you begin to bid.

The final tip for successful auctioning is to keep your emotions under control.Auctions have a lot of similarities to gambling, and just like gambling, your spending can get out of control. If you keep your emotions level, it will keep you from making rash decisions and blowing loads of cash. Keep your mind clear so that you can gage the behavior of the other bidders and outsmart them.

HOW TO AVOID SCAM SITES!

Penny auctions are a great addition to the web whether you want to win an item that otherwise you wouldn’t be able to afford or if you simply enjoy the thrill that comes with bidding in auctions. Unfortunately, scam sites have tarnished the reputation of the legitimate penny auction sites. However, there are ways that you can protect yourself from scamers and enjoy your auctioning without having to worry about losing your money due to dishonesty.

Checking the reputation of the auction site before you start spending your hard earned money is always a good idea. Chances are other people have tried the site before you and some of them have left reviews. The reviews are your way to gage whether a auction site is trustworthy or not. If a site is getting overwhelmingly negative reviews, then that is a clear indication that you should steer your business elsewhere.

Another tool you can use to protect yourself is checking the Alexia ranks of the auction sites. Alexia rank will give a solid view of how much traffic the auction is getting. If you see a huge difference in the amount of traffic Alexia is projecting and the amount of active bidders on the site, then warning signals should be ringing in your head. Some auction sites have been known to set up robots that automatically bid on projects in order to keep the auction going and inflate the price. That is known as shill bidding. You can sniff out those sites by comparing the traffic the site should be getting to the amount of users using this site.

CONCLUSION!

New legislation may come out later down the road that will officially make penny auctions gambling, but until then, it is a fun, exciting auction that allows one to win the item they’ve always wanted but couldn’t afford.Auctions are also quite lucrative for the site owners because of the pay-per-bid strategy they’ve incorporated. Penny auctions had humble beginnings with farmers who just wanted to get back at the banks who kicked them out of their house. More recently, auctions have enjoyed an explosion in popularity with the rise of the internet.

There are two main formats fora auctions, lowest and highest unique auction, however they both run on the same premise where the last unique bid wins the item. Winning a penny auction will require a certain amount of mental tactic and a bit of luck. However, you can increase your odds of winning by practicing certain techniques such as managing your bids wisely, learning how to work with the time, and keeping a level head and your emotions under control. When you combine those three strategies to your bidding plan, you will find that you win a lot more often.

It is important that you do your due diligence to protect yourself when participating in auctions. Not every auction is run by honest and trustworthy people. There are people out there who just want to take your money. You can protect yourself by ensuring that you only bid on sites that already have a very positive reputation from real users.


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